Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements

In essay format answer all parts of each question. Include an introduction and a conclusion. Ensure that you reference your ideas (in-text):

Impact of victimisation

R v McDonald was settled by The Honourable Justice Stanley in December 2014. Read the sentencing remarks and respond to the following:

With reference to Spalek (Ch 5):

1. a) Discuss the forms of impact McDonald’s victims are likely to experience.
2. b) Identify and discuss any pre-victimisation or post-victimisation factors you consider relevant to the McDonald case.
3. c) In light of the of the McDonald case, identify the range of secondary victims and discuss issues related to their suffering.
4. d) With reference to s 7B of the Criminal Law Sentencing Act, SA (1988), briefly discuss the relevance of Mr Kerin’s Social Impact Statement, referred to in the sentencing remarks.

Victimology theory

Needham’s (2014) news article posits that social media sites such as Twitter have a responsibility with regard to on-line bullying noting it may have contributed to the death of Charlotte Dawson. Read the article and the excerpt fromTwitter’s Statement of Rules.

Respond to the following:

1. a) Explain the Latane & Darley model of bystander intervention (also known as bystander apathy).

What motivating factors determine whether bystanders will intervene?

1. b) Explain Routine Activity Theory (RAT) and discuss to what extent Social media bullying victimisation can be explained by RAT.
2. c) Explain what Spalek means when she writes “…notions of victims as ‘consumer’ and as ‘active citizen’ …are underpinned by similar philosophies…” (Spalek 2006, p. 128).
3. d) Discuss to what extent Social media users/non-users should be ‘active citizens’ beyond the espoused rights and responsibilities in safeguarding against online victimisation.