War and Media
Order Description
All essays should refer to theoretical and empirical studies to bolster your argument.

Must incorporate some of your own research (e.g. using a case study or analysis of relevant media materials). VERY IMPORTANT TO ADD OWN RESEARCH.

3,000 words

Question:

How do western media ‘frame’ Africa? Discuss with reference to conflict situations, including Rwanda.

Sources:
1. T.Chari (2010)“Representation or misrepresentation? The New York Times’s framing of the 1994 Rwanda genocide”, African Identities, Vol 8: 4, 333-349.
2. Y. Kalyango (2011) “Critical Discourse Analysis of CNN International’s Coverage of Africa”, Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, Vol.55: 2, 160-179.
3. David Patrick, (2016) ‘A concern for humanity? Anglo-American press coverage of Bosnia and Rwanda, 1992–1995’, International Politics, 53 (1), 138–153.
4. Greg Philo, David Miller, Emma Miller and Liza Beattie, (1999) ‘The media and Africa: images of disaster and rebellion, Chapter 14, in Message Received (GUMG ed.
Greg Philo, Longman). Available online: https://www.glasgowmediagroup.org/images/stories/BookChapters/MsgReceived/medafrica.pdf Allan Thompson, The Media and the
Rwanda Genocide
5. Lauren Kogen, ‘Why the Message Should Matter: Genocide and the Ethics of Global Journalism in the Mediapolis,’ Journal of International Communication, 15:2 (2009),
pp.79-96.
6. J. Whitman & D. Pocock, After Rwanda: The Co-ordination of the UN Humanitarian Assistance
7. A.J. Klinghoffer, The International Dimension of Genocide in Rwanda
8. Joint Evaluation of Emergency Assistance to Rwanda, The International Response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Experience
9. Alain Destexhe, Rwanda and Genocide in the Twentieth Century
10. G. Prunier, The Rwanda Crisis, 1959-1994 African Rights, Rwanda: Death, Despair and Defiance
11. P. Gourevitch, We Wish to Inform You that Tomorrow We Will be Killed with our Families UN, The United Nations and Rwanda, 1993-96
12. Toussaint Nothias (2013) It’s struck a chord we have never managed to strike’: Frames, perspectives and remediation strategies in the international news coverage
of Kony2012, Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies Vol. 34, Iss. 1.